使用PHPUnit進(jìn)行單元測試并生成代碼覆蓋率報(bào)告的方法

#查看composer的全局bin目錄 將其加入系統(tǒng) path 路徑 方便后續(xù)直接運(yùn)行安裝的命令
composer global config bin-dir --absolute
#全局安裝 phpunit
composer global require --dev phpunit/phpunit
#查看版本
phpunit --version

mkdir unit  cd unit  mkdir app tests reports
#結(jié)構(gòu)如下
./
├── app #存放業(yè)務(wù)代碼
├── reports #存放覆蓋率報(bào)告
└── tests #存放單元測試

#一路回車即可
composer init

#注冊命名空間
vi composer.json
...
  "autoload": {
    "psr-4": {
      "App\\": "app/",
      "Tests\\": "tests/"
    }
  }
...
#更新命名空間
composer dump-autoload

#安裝 phpunit 組件庫
composer require --dev phpunit/phpunit

?php
namespace App;

class Example
{
  private $msg = "hello world";

  public function getTrue()
  {
    return true;
  }

  public function getFalse()
  {
    return false;
  }

  public function setMsg($value)
  {
    $this->msg = $value;
  }

  public function getMsg()
  {
    return $this->msg;
  }
}

?php
namespace Tests;

use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase as BaseTestCase;
use App\Example;

class ExampleTest extends BaseTestCase
{
  public function testGetTrue()
  {
    $example = new Example();
    $result = $example->getTrue();
    $this->assertTrue($result);
  }
  
  public function testGetFalse()
  {
    $example = new Example();
    $result = $example->getFalse();
    $this->assertFalse($result);
  }
  
  public function testGetMsg()
  {
    $example = new Example();
    $result = $example->getTrue();
    // $result is world not big_cat
    $this->assertEquals($result, "hello big_cat");
  }
}

[root@localhost unit]# phpunit --bootstrap=vendor/autoload.php \

tests/

PHPUnit 6.5.14 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.

..F                                 3 / 3 (100%)

Time: 61 ms, Memory: 4.00MB

There was 1 failure:

1) Tests\ExampleTest::testGetMsg
Failed asserting that 'hello big_cat' matches expected true.

/opt/unit/tests/ExampleTest.php:27
/root/.config/composer/vendor/phpunit/phpunit/src/TextUI/Command.php:195
/root/.config/composer/vendor/phpunit/phpunit/src/TextUI/Command.php:148

FAILURES!
Tests: 3, Assertions: 3, Failures: 1.

--coverage-clover file>  Generate code coverage report in Clover XML format.
--coverage-crap4j file>  Generate code coverage report in Crap4J XML format.
--coverage-html dir>    Generate code coverage report in HTML format.
--coverage-php file>    Export PHP_CodeCoverage object to file.
--coverage-text=file>   Generate code coverage report in text format.
--coverage-xml dir>    Generate code coverage report in PHPUnit XML format.

phpunit \

--bootstrap vendor/autoload.php \

--coverage-html=reports/ \

--whitelist app/ \

tests/
#查看覆蓋率報(bào)告
cd reports/  php -S 0.0.0.0:8899

testObj = new ExampleTest();
testObj->testMethod1();
testObj->testMethod2();

testObj1 = new ExampleTest();
testObj1->testMethod1();

testObj2 = new ExampleTest();
testObj2->testMethod2();

public static function setUpBeforeClass()/tearDownAfterClass()//測試類構(gòu)建/解構(gòu)時(shí)調(diào)用
protected function setUp()/tearDown()//測試方法執(zhí)行前/后調(diào)用
protected function assertPreConditions()/assertPostConditions()//斷言前/后調(diào)用

#測試類基境構(gòu)建
setUpBeforeClass

#new一個(gè)測試類對象
#第一個(gè)測試用例
setUp
assertPreConditions
assertPostConditions
tearDown

#new一個(gè)測試類對象
#第二個(gè)測試用例
setUp
assertPreConditions
assertPostConditions
tearDown
...

#測試類基境解構(gòu)
tearDownAfterClass

?php
namespace Tests;

use App\Example;
use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase as BaseTestCase;

class ExampleTest extends BaseTestCase
{
  // 類靜態(tài)屬性
  private static $example;

  public static function setUpBeforeClass()
  {
    self::$example = new Example();
  }

  public function testGetTrue()
  {
    // 類的靜態(tài)屬性更新
    self::$example->setMsg("hello big_cat");
    $result = self::$example->getTrue();
    $this->assertTrue($result);
  }

  public function testGetFalse()
  {
    $result = self::$example->getFalse();
    $this->assertFalse($result);
  }

  /**
   * 依賴 testGetTrue 執(zhí)行完畢
   * @depends testGetTrue
   * @return [type] [description]
   */
  public function testGetMsg()
  {
    $result = self::$example->getMsg();
    $this->assertEquals($result, "hello big_cat");
  }
}

public function testMethod1()
{
  $this->assertTrue(true);
  return "hello";
}

/**
 * @depends testMethod1
 */
public function testMethod2($str)
{
  $this->assertEquals("hello", $str);
}

#執(zhí)行模式大概如下
testObj1 = new Test;
$str = testObj1->testMethod1();

testObj2 = new Test;
testObj2->testMethod2($str);

?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
phpunit backupGlobals="false"
     backupStaticAttributes="false"
     bootstrap="./vendor/autoload.php"
     colors="true"
     convertErrorsToExceptions="true"
     convertNoticesToExceptions="true"
     convertWarningsToExceptions="true"
     processIsolation="false"
     stopOnFailure="false">
  testsuites>
    !--可以定義多個(gè) suffix 用于指定待執(zhí)行的測試類文件后綴-->
    testsuite name="Tests">
      directory suffix="Test.php">./test/directory>
    /testsuite>
  /testsuites>
  filter>
    whitelist processUncoveredFilesFromWhitelist="true">
      !--可以定義多個(gè) 對./app下的業(yè)務(wù)代碼做覆蓋率統(tǒng)計(jì)-->
      directory suffix=".php">./app/directory>
    /whitelist>
  /filter>
  logging>
    !--覆蓋率報(bào)告生成類型和輸出目錄 lowUpperBound低覆蓋率閾值 highLowerBound高覆蓋率閾值-->
    log type="coverage-html" target="./reports" lowUpperBound="35" highLowerBound="70"/>
  /logging>
/phpunit>

[root@localhost unit]# phpunit 
PHPUnit 6.5.14 by Sebastian Bergmann and contributors.

Time: 81 ms, Memory: 4.00MB

No tests executed!

Generating code coverage report in HTML format ... done