全面解析Oracle Procedure 基本語法

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE 存儲(chǔ)過程名字 
( 
 參數(shù)1 IN NUMBER, 
 參數(shù)2 IN NUMBER 
) IS 
變量1 INTEGER :=0; 
變量2 DATE; 
BEGIN 

 BEGIN 
 SELECT col1,col2 into 變量1,變量2 FROM typestruct where xxx; 
 EXCEPTION 
 WHEN NO_DATA_FOUND THEN 
 xxxx; 
 END; 
 ... 

 IF V_TEST=1 THEN 
 BEGIN 
 do something 
 END; 
 END IF;

WHILE V_TEST=1 LOOP 
 BEGIN 
XXXX 
 END; 
 END LOOP;

 ... 
 IS 
 CURSOR cur IS SELECT * FROM xxx; 
 BEGIN 
FOR cur_result in cur LOOP 
 BEGIN 
 V_SUM :=cur_result.列名1+cur_result.列名2 
 END; 
END LOOP; 
 END;

 CURSOR C_USER(C_ID NUMBER) IS SELECT NAME FROM USER WHERE TYPEID=C_ID; 
 OPEN C_USER(變量值); 
 LOOP 
FETCH C_USER INTO V_NAME; 
EXIT FETCH C_USER%NOTFOUND; 
 do something 
 END LOOP; 
 CLOSE C_USER;

create or replace procedure 存儲(chǔ)過程名（param1 in type，param2 out type）

Begin 
 Select count(*) into 變量1 from 表A where列名=param1； 
 If (判斷條件) then 
 Select 列名 into 變量2 from 表A where列名=param1； 
 Dbms_output。Put_line(‘打印信息'); 
 Elsif (判斷條件) then 
 Dbms_output。Put_line(‘打印信息'); 
 Else 
 Raise 異常名（NO_DATA_FOUND）; 
 End if; 
Exception 
 When others then 
 Rollback; 
End;

ACCESS_INTO_NULL   未定義對(duì)象 
CASE_NOT_FOUND   CASE 中若未包含相應(yīng)的 WHEN ，并且沒有設(shè)置 
ELSE 時(shí) 
COLLECTION_IS_NULL  集合元素未初始化 
CURSER_ALREADY_OPEN  游標(biāo)已經(jīng)打開 
DUP_VAL_ON_INDEX   唯一索引對(duì)應(yīng)的列上有重復(fù)的值 
INVALID_CURSOR   在不合法的游標(biāo)上進(jìn)行操作 
INVALID_NUMBER   內(nèi)嵌的 SQL 語句不能將字符轉(zhuǎn)換為數(shù)字 
NO_DATA_FOUND   使用 select into 未返回行，或應(yīng)用索引表未初始化的 
TOO_MANY_ROWS   執(zhí)行 select into 時(shí)，結(jié)果集超過一行 
ZERO_DIVIDE    除數(shù)為 0 
SUBSCRIPT_BEYOND_COUNT 元素下標(biāo)超過嵌套表或 VARRAY 的最大值 
SUBSCRIPT_OUTSIDE_LIMIT 使用嵌套表或 VARRAY 時(shí)，將下標(biāo)指定為負(fù)數(shù) 
VALUE_ERROR    賦值時(shí)，變量長度不足以容納實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù) 
LOGIN_DENIED    PL/SQL 應(yīng)用程序連接到 oracle 數(shù)據(jù)庫時(shí)，提供了不 
正確的用戶名或密碼 
NOT_LOGGED_ON   PL/SQL 應(yīng)用程序在沒有連接 oralce 數(shù)據(jù)庫的情況下 
訪問數(shù)據(jù) 
PROGRAM_ERROR   PL/SQL 內(nèi)部問題，可能需要重裝數(shù)據(jù)字典＆ pl./SQL 
系統(tǒng)包 
ROWTYPE_MISMATCH  宿主游標(biāo)變量與 PL/SQL 游標(biāo)變量的返回類型不兼容 
SELF_IS_NULL    使用對(duì)象類型時(shí)，在 null 對(duì)象上調(diào)用對(duì)象方法 
STORAGE_ERROR   運(yùn)行 PL/SQL 時(shí)，超出內(nèi)存空間 
SYS_INVALID_ID    無效的 ROWID 字符串 
TIMEOUT_ON_RESOURCE  Oracle 在等待資源時(shí)超時(shí)

CREATE [OR REPLACE] PROCEDURE procedure_name[(parameter_list)]{IS|AS}[local_declarations]BEGINexecutable_statements[EXCEPTIONexception_handlers]END [procedure_name];

create or replace procedure find_emp(emp_no in number:=7900)asempname varchar2(20);beginselect ename into empname from emp where empno=emp_no;dbms_output.put_line('雇員姓名是 '||empname);exceptionwhen no_data_found thendbms_output.put_line('雇員編號(hào)未找到');end find_emp;

EXECUTE procudure_name(parameters_list);

create or replace procedure test(value1 varchar2,value2 out number) is identity number; begin select sal into identity from emp where empno=value1; if identity2000 then value2:=1000; else value2:=500; end if; end;

declare value2 number; begin test('7900',value2); dbms_output.put_line(value2); end;

create or replace procedure swap(p1 in out number,p2 in out number) is v_temp number; begin v_temp:=p1; p1:=p2; p2:=v_temp; end;

declare num1 number:=100; num2 number:=200; begin swap(num1,num2); dbms_output.put_line('num1= '||num1); dbms_output.put_line('num2= '||num2); end;

GRANT EXECUTE ON find_emp TO scott; GRANT EXECUTE ON swap TO PUBLIC; 

DROP PROCEDURE procudure_name;

CREATE [OR REPLACE] FUNCTION function_name [(parameter_list)] RETURN datatype {IS|AS} [local_declarations] BEGIN executable_statements [EXCEPTION exception_handlers] END [function_name]; 

create or replace function fun_hello return varchar2 is begin return '朋友，您好'; end; 

select fun_hello from dual;

DROP FUNCTION function_name

CREATE [OR REPLACE] PACKAGE package_name IS|AS [Public type and item declarations] [Subprogram specifications] END [package_name];

create or replace package pack_op is procedure pro_print_ename(id number); procedure pro_print_sal(id number); function fun_re_date(id number) return date; end;

CREATE [OR REPLACE] PACKAGE BODY package_name IS|AS [Public type and item declarations] [Subprogram bodies] [BEGIN Initialization_statements] END [package_name];

create or replace package body pack_op is procedure pro_print_ename(id number) is name emp.ename%type; begin select ename into name from emp where empno=id; dbms_output.put_line('職員姓名：'||name); end pro_print_ename; procedure pro_print_sal(id number) is salary emp.sal%type; begin select sal into salary from emp where empno=id; dbms_output.put_line('職員工資：'||salary); end pro_print_sal; function fun_re_date(id number) return date is bedate emp.hiredate%type; begin select hiredate into bedate from emp where empno=id; return bedate; end fun_re_date; end pack_op;

exec pack_op.pro_print_ename(7900); exec pack_op.pro_print_sal(7900); select pack_op.fun_re_date(7900) from dual;

create or replace package pack_emp is cursor cur_emp return emp%rowtype; procedure pro_cur; end pack_emp;

create or replace package body pack_emp is cursor cur_emp return emp%rowtype is select * from emp; procedure pro_cur is rec_emp emp%rowtype; begin open cur_emp; loop fetch cur_emp into rec_emp; exit when cur_emp%notfound; if rec_emp.sal1000 then dbms_output.put_line('員工工資：'||rec_emp.sal||'，需加倍努力爭取提高工資'); elsif rec_emp.sal>=1000 and rec_emp.sal2000 then dbms_output.put_line('員工工資：'||rec_emp.sal||'，工資一般，爭取搞個(gè)部門經(jīng)理做做'); else dbms_output.put_line('員工工資：'||rec_emp.sal||'，工資不錯(cuò)，爭取搞個(gè)總經(jīng)理做做'); end if; end loop; end pro_cur; end pack_emp;

exec pack_emp.pro_cur;

CREATE OR REPLACE package SCOTT.pk_wt is type mytype is ref cursor; procedure p_wt(mycs out mytype); end;
CREATE OR REPLACE package BODY SCOTT.pk_wt is procedure p_wt(mycs out mytype) is r_cur mytype; begin open r_cur for select * from emp; mycs:=r_cur; end p_wt; end pk_wt;

USER_OBJECTS數(shù)據(jù)字典視圖 column object_name format a18 select object_name,object_type from user_objects where object_type in ('PROCEDURE','FUNCTION','PACKAGE','PACKAGE BODY');