發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題
最近在將mysql升級(jí)到mysql 5.7后,進(jìn)行一些group by 查詢時(shí),比如下面的
SELECT *, count(id) as count FROM `news` GROUP BY `group_id` ORDER BY `inputtime` DESC LIMIT 20
就會(huì)報(bào)如下錯(cuò)誤:
SELECT list is not in GROUP BY clause and contains nonaggregated column ‘news.id' which is not functionally dependent on columns in GROUP BY clause; this is incompatible with sql_mode=only_full_group_by.
原因分析
原因是mysql 5.7 模式中。默認(rèn)啟用了ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY。
ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY是MySQL提供的一個(gè)sql_mode,通過(guò)這個(gè)sql_mode來(lái)提供SQL語(yǔ)句GROUP BY合法性的檢查。
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/sql-mode.html#sqlmode_only_full_group_by
this is incompatible with sql_mode=only_full_group_by
這句話提示了這違背了mysql的規(guī)則,only fully group by,也就是說(shuō)在執(zhí)行的時(shí)候先分組,根據(jù)查詢的字段(select的字段)在分組的內(nèi)容中取出,所以查詢的字段全部都應(yīng)該在group by分組條件內(nèi);一種情況例外,查詢字段中如果含有聚合函數(shù)的字段不用包含在group by中,就像我上面的count(id)。
后來(lái)發(fā)現(xiàn)Order by排序條件的字段也必須要在group by內(nèi),排序的字段也是從分組的字段中取出。 不明白的可以去看一下。
解決辦法:
1.set@@sql_mode='STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION';
去掉ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY即可正常執(zhí)行sql.
2. 不去ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY, 時(shí) select字段必須都在group by分組條件內(nèi)(含有函數(shù)的字段除外)。(如果遇到order by也出現(xiàn)這個(gè)問(wèn)題,同理,order by字段也都要在group by內(nèi))。
3.利用ANY_VALUE()
這個(gè)函數(shù) https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/miscellaneous-functions.html#function_any-value
This function is useful for GROUP BY queries when the ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY SQL mode is enabled, for cases when MySQL rejects a query that you know is valid for reasons that MySQL cannot determine. The function return value and type are the same as the return value and type of its argument, but the function result is not checked for the ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY SQL mode.
如上面的sql語(yǔ)句可寫(xiě)成
SELECT ANY_VALUE(id)as id,ANY_VALUE(uid) as uid ,ANY_VALUE(username) as username,ANY_VALUE(title) as title,ANY_VALUE(author) as author,ANY_VALUE(thumb) as thumb,ANY_VALUE(description) as description,ANY_VALUE(content) as content,ANY_VALUE(linkurl) as linkurl,ANY_VALUE(url) as url,ANY_VALUE(group_id) as group_id,ANY_VALUE(inputtime) as inputtime, count(id) as count FROM `news` GROUP BY `group_id` ORDER BY ANY_VALUE(inputtime) DESC LIMIT 20
我選用的是第3種方法。
總結(jié)
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