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主頁(yè) > 知識(shí)庫(kù) > SQL 導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出Excel數(shù)據(jù)的語(yǔ)句

SQL 導(dǎo)入導(dǎo)出Excel數(shù)據(jù)的語(yǔ)句

--從Excel文件中,導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)到SQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中,很簡(jiǎn)單,直接用下面的語(yǔ)句:
/*===================================================================*/
--如果接受數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)入的表已經(jīng)存在
insert into 表 select * from
OPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'
,'Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c:\test.xls',sheet1$)
--如果導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)并生成表
select * into 表 from
OPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'
,'Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c:\test.xls',sheet1$)

/*===================================================================*/
--如果從SQL數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中,導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)到Excel,如果Excel文件已經(jīng)存在,而且已經(jīng)按照要接收的數(shù)據(jù)創(chuàng)建好表頭,就可以簡(jiǎn)單的用:
insert into OPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'
,'Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;DATABASE=c:\test.xls',sheet1$)
select * from 表

--如果Excel文件不存在,也可以用BCP來(lái)導(dǎo)成類Excel的文件,注意大小寫(xiě):
--導(dǎo)出表的情況
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)名.dbo.表名 out "c:\test.xls" /c -/S"服務(wù)器名" /U"用戶名" -P"密碼"'
--導(dǎo)出查詢的情況
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp "SELECT au_fname, au_lname FROM pubs..authors ORDER BY au_lname" queryout "c:\test.xls" /c -/S"服務(wù)器名" /U"用戶名" -P"密碼"'
/*--說(shuō)明:
c:\test.xls 為導(dǎo)入/導(dǎo)出的Excel文件名.
sheet1$ 為Excel文件的工作表名,一般要加上$才能正常使用.
--*/

--下面是導(dǎo)出真正Excel文件的方法:
if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[p_exporttb]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1)
drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb]
GO
/*--數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出EXCEL
導(dǎo)出表中的數(shù)據(jù)到Excel,包含字段名,文件為真正的Excel文件
,如果文件不存在,將自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建文件
,如果表不存在,將自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建表
基于通用性考慮,僅支持導(dǎo)出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)數(shù)據(jù)類型
--鄒建 2003.10(引用請(qǐng)保留此信息)--*/
/*--調(diào)用示例
p_exporttb @tbname='地區(qū)資料',@path='c:\',@fname='aa.xls'
--*/
create proc p_exporttb
@tbname sysname, --要導(dǎo)出的表名
@path nvarchar(1000), --文件存放目錄
@fname nvarchar(250)='' --文件名,默認(rèn)為表名
as
declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out int
declare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)
--參數(shù)檢測(cè)
if isnull(@fname,'')='' set @fname=@tbname+'.xls'
--檢查文件是否已經(jīng)存在
if right(@path,1)>'\' set @path=@path+'\'
create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)
set @sql=@path+@fname
insert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql
--數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)創(chuàng)建語(yǔ)句
set @sql=@path+@fname
if exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)
set @constr='DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};DSN='''';READONLY=FALSE'
+';CREATE_DB="'+@sql+'";DBQ='+@sql
else
set @constr='Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties="Excel 8.0;HDR=YES'
+';DATABASE='+@sql+'"'

--連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
exec @err=sp_oacreate 'adodb.connection',@obj out
if @err>0 goto lberr
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'open',null,@constr
if @err>0 goto lberr
/*--如果覆蓋已經(jīng)存在的表,就加上下面的語(yǔ)句
--創(chuàng)建之前先刪除表/如果存在的話
select @sql='drop table ['+@tbname+']'
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sql
--*/
--創(chuàng)建表的SQL
select @sql='',@fdlist=''
select @fdlist=@fdlist+',['+a.name+']'
,@sql=@sql+',['+a.name+'] '
+case
when b.name like '%char'
then case when a.length>255 then 'memo'
else 'text('+cast(a.length as varchar)+')' end
when b.name like '%int' or b.name='bit' then 'int'
when b.name like '%datetime' then 'datetime'
when b.name like '%money' then 'money'
when b.name like '%text' then 'memo'
else b.name end
FROM syscolumns a left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype
where b.name not in('image','uniqueidentifier','sql_variant','varbinary','binary','timestamp')
and object_id(@tbname)=id
select @sql='create table ['+@tbname
+']('+substring(@sql,2,8000)+')'
,@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sql
if @err>0 goto lberr
exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj
--導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)
set @sql='openrowset(''MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'',''Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1
;DATABASE='+@path+@fname+''',['+@tbname+'$])'
exec('insert into '+@sql+'('+@fdlist+') select '+@fdlist+' from '+@tbname)
return
lberr:
exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc out
lbexit:
select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 錯(cuò)誤號(hào)
,@src as 錯(cuò)誤源,@desc as 錯(cuò)誤描述
select @sql,@constr,@fdlist
go

if exists (select * from dbo.sysobjects where id = object_id(N'[dbo].[p_exporttb]') and OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsProcedure') = 1)
drop procedure [dbo].[p_exporttb]
GO
/*--數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出EXCEL
導(dǎo)出查詢中的數(shù)據(jù)到Excel,包含字段名,文件為真正的Excel文件
如果文件不存在,將自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建文件
如果表不存在,將自動(dòng)創(chuàng)建表
基于通用性考慮,僅支持導(dǎo)出標(biāo)準(zhǔn)數(shù)據(jù)類型
--鄒建 2003.10(引用請(qǐng)保留此信息)--*/
/*--調(diào)用示例
p_exporttb @sqlstr='select * from 地區(qū)資料'
,@path='c:\',@fname='aa.xls',@sheetname='地區(qū)資料'
--*/
create proc p_exporttb
@sqlstr varchar(8000), --查詢語(yǔ)句,如果查詢語(yǔ)句中使用了order by ,請(qǐng)加上top 100 percent
@path nvarchar(1000), --文件存放目錄
@fname nvarchar(250), --文件名
@sheetname varchar(250)='' --要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建的工作表名,默認(rèn)為文件名
as
declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out int
declare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)
--參數(shù)檢測(cè)
if isnull(@fname,'')='' set @fname='temp.xls'
if isnull(@sheetname,'')='' set @sheetname=replace(@fname,'.','#')
--檢查文件是否已經(jīng)存在
if right(@path,1)>'\' set @path=@path+'\'
create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)
set @sql=@path+@fname
insert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql
--數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)創(chuàng)建語(yǔ)句
set @sql=@path+@fname
if exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)
set @constr='DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};DSN='''';READONLY=FALSE'
+';CREATE_DB="'+@sql+'";DBQ='+@sql
else
set @constr='Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties="Excel 8.0;HDR=YES'
+';DATABASE='+@sql+'"'
--連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
exec @err=sp_oacreate 'adodb.connection',@obj out
if @err>0 goto lberr
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'open',null,@constr
if @err>0 goto lberr
--創(chuàng)建表的SQL
declare @tbname sysname
set @tbname='##tmp_'+convert(varchar(38),newid())
set @sql='select * into ['+@tbname+'] from('+@sqlstr+') a'
exec(@sql)
select @sql='',@fdlist=''
select @fdlist=@fdlist+',['+a.name+']'
,@sql=@sql+',['+a.name+'] '
+case
when b.name like '%char'
then case when a.length>255 then 'memo'
else 'text('+cast(a.length as varchar)+')' end
when b.name like '%int' or b.name='bit' then 'int'
when b.name like '%datetime' then 'datetime'
when b.name like '%money' then 'money'
when b.name like '%text' then 'memo'
else b.name end
FROM tempdb..syscolumns a left join tempdb..systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype
where b.name not in('image','uniqueidentifier','sql_variant','varbinary','binary','timestamp')
and a.id=(select id from tempdb..sysobjects where name=@tbname)
if @@rowcount=0 return
select @sql='create table ['+@sheetname
+']('+substring(@sql,2,8000)+')'
,@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sql
if @err>0 goto lberr
exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj
--導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)
set @sql='openrowset(''MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'',''Excel 8.0;HDR=YES
;DATABASE='+@path+@fname+''',['+@sheetname+'$])'
exec('insert into '+@sql+'('+@fdlist+') select '+@fdlist+' from ['+@tbname+']')
set @sql='drop table ['+@tbname+']'
exec(@sql)
return
lberr:
exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc out
lbexit:
select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 錯(cuò)誤號(hào)
,@src as 錯(cuò)誤源,@desc as 錯(cuò)誤描述
select @sql,@constr,@fdlist
go declare @tbname sysname--要導(dǎo)出的表名,注意只能是表名/視圖名
declare @path nvarchar(1000)--文件存放目錄
declare @fname nvarchar(250)--文件名,默認(rèn)為表名
set @tbname='salaryreports'
set @path='e:\'
set @fname='salaryreportsxls'
declare @err int,@src nvarchar(255),@desc nvarchar(255),@out int
declare @obj int,@constr nvarchar(1000),@sql varchar(8000),@fdlist varchar(8000)
--參數(shù)檢測(cè)
if isnull(@fname,'')=''
set @fname=@tbname+'.xls'
--drop table #tb
--檢查文件是否已經(jīng)存在
if right(@path,1)>'\' set @path=@path+'\'
create table #tb(a bit,b bit,c bit)
set @sql=@path+@fname
insert into #tb exec master..xp_fileexist @sql
--select * from #tb
--數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)創(chuàng)建語(yǔ)句
set @sql=@path+@fname
if exists(select 1 from #tb where a=1)
set @constr='DRIVER={Microsoft Excel Driver (*.xls)};DSN='''';READONLY=FALSE'
+';CREATE_DB="'+@sql+'";DBQ='+@sql
else
set @constr='Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Extended Properties="Excel 5.0;HDR=YES'
+';DATABASE='+@sql+'"'
--連接數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)
exec @err=sp_oacreate 'adodb.connection',@obj out
if @err>0 goto lberr
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'open',null,@constr
if @err>0 goto lberr
--創(chuàng)建表的SQL
select @sql='',@fdlist=''
select @fdlist=@fdlist+','+a.name
,@sql=@sql+',['+a.name+'] '
+case when b.name in('char','nchar','varchar','nvarchar') then
'text('+cast(case when a.length>255 then 255 else a.length end as varchar)+')'
when b.name in('tynyint','int','bigint','tinyint') then 'int'
when b.name in('smalldatetime','datetime') then 'datetime'
when b.name in('money','smallmoney') then 'money'
else b.name end
FROM syscolumns a left join systypes b on a.xtype=b.xusertype
where b.name not in('image','text','uniqueidentifier','sql_variant','ntext','varbinary','binary','timestamp')
and object_id(@tbname)=id
select @sql='create table ['+@tbname
+']('+substring(@sql,2,8000)+')'
,@fdlist=substring(@fdlist,2,8000)
exec @err=sp_oamethod @obj,'execute',@out out,@sql
if @err>0 goto lberr
exec @err=sp_oadestroy @obj
--導(dǎo)入數(shù)據(jù)
set @sql='openrowset(''MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'',''Excel 5.0;HDR=YES
;DATABASE='+@path+@fname+''',['+@tbname+'$])'
exec('insert into '+@sql+'('+@fdlist+') select '+@fdlist+' from '+@tbname)
return
lberr:
exec sp_oageterrorinfo 0,@src out,@desc out
lbexit:
select cast(@err as varbinary(4)) as 錯(cuò)誤號(hào)
,@src as 錯(cuò)誤源,@desc as 錯(cuò)誤描述
select @sql,@constr,@fdlist

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