django上傳文件的三種方式

#file_project/settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'file_upload',# 新增
]

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"), ]

MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'

#file_project/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('file/', include("file_upload.urls")),
] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

#file_upload/models.py
from django.db import models
import os
import uuid

# Create your models here.
# Define user directory path
def user_directory_path(instance, filename):
    ext = filename.split('.')[-1]
    filename = '{}.{}'.format(uuid.uuid4().hex[:10], ext)
    return os.path.join("files", filename)

class File(models.Model):
    file = models.FileField(upload_to=user_directory_path, null=True)
    upload_method = models.CharField(max_length=20, verbose_name="Upload Method")

#file_upload/urls.py
from django.urls import re_path, path
from . import views

# namespace
app_name = "file_upload"

urlpatterns = [
    # Upload File Without Using Model Form
    re_path(r'^upload1/$', views.file_upload, name='file_upload'),

    # Upload Files Using Model Form
    re_path(r'^upload2/$', views.model_form_upload, name='model_form_upload'),

    # View File List
    path('file/', views.file_list, name='file_list'),

]

#file_upload/forms.py

from django import forms
from .models import File

# Regular form
class FileUploadForm(forms.Form):
    file = forms.FileField(widget=forms.ClearableFileInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}))
    upload_method = forms.CharField(label="Upload Method", max_length=20,
                                   widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}))
    def clean_file(self):
        file = self.cleaned_data['file']
        ext = file.name.split('.')[-1].lower()
        if ext not in ["jpg", "pdf", "xlsx"]:
            raise forms.ValidationError("Only jpg, pdf and xlsx files are allowed.")
        # return cleaned data is very important.
        return file

#file_upload/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from .models import File
from .forms import FileUploadForm, FileUploadModelForm
import os
import uuid
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.template.defaultfilters import filesizeformat

# Create your views here.


# Show file list
def file_list(request):
    files = File.objects.all().order_by("-id")
    return render(request, 'file_upload/file_list.html', {'files': files})

# Regular file upload without using ModelForm
def file_upload(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        form = FileUploadForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
        if form.is_valid():
            # get cleaned data
            upload_method = form.cleaned_data.get("upload_method")
            raw_file = form.cleaned_data.get("file")
            new_file = File()
            new_file.file = handle_uploaded_file(raw_file)
            new_file.upload_method = upload_method
            new_file.save()
            return redirect("/file/")
    else:
        form = FileUploadForm()

    return render(request, 'file_upload/upload_form.html', 
                  {'form': form, 'heading': 'Upload files with Regular Form'}
                 )

def handle_uploaded_file(file):
    ext = file.name.split('.')[-1]
    file_name = '{}.{}'.format(uuid.uuid4().hex[:10], ext)

    # file path relative to 'media' folder
    file_path = os.path.join('files', file_name)
    absolute_file_path = os.path.join('media', 'files', file_name)

    directory = os.path.dirname(absolute_file_path)
    if not os.path.exists(directory):
        os.makedirs(directory)

    with open(absolute_file_path, 'wb+') as destination:
        for chunk in file.chunks():
            destination.write(chunk)

    return file_path

#file_upload/templates/upload_form.html
{% extends "file_upload/base.html" %}
{% block content %}
{% if heading %}
h3>{{ heading }}/h3>
{% endif %}

form action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" >
  {% csrf_token %}
  {{ form.as_p }}
 button class="btn btn-info form-control " type="submit" value="submit">Upload/button>
/form>
{% endblock %} 

# file_upload/templates/file_list.html
{% extends "file_upload/base.html" %}

{% block content %}
h3>File List/h3>
p> a href="/file/upload1/" rel="external nofollow" >RegularFormUpload/a> | a href="/file/upload2/" rel="external nofollow" >ModelFormUpload/a>
    | a href="/file/upload3/" rel="external nofollow" >AjaxUpload/a>/p>
{% if files %}
table class="table table-striped">
    tbody>
    tr>
        td>Filename  URL/td>
        td>Filesize/td>
        td>Upload Method/td>
    /tr>
    {% for file in files %}
    tr>
        td>a href="{{ file.file.url }}" rel="external nofollow" >{{ file.file.url }}/a>/td>
        td>{{ file.file.size | filesizeformat }}/td>
        td>{{ file.upload_method }}/td>
    /tr>
    {% endfor %}
    /tbody>
/table>

{% else %}

p>No files uploaded yet. Please click a href="{% url 'file_upload:file_upload' %}" rel="external nofollow" >here/a>
    to upload files./p>
{% endif %}
{% endblock %}

#file_upload/forms.py
from django import forms
from .models import File

# Model form
class FileUploadModelForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = File
        fields = ('file', 'upload_method',)
        widgets = {
            'upload_method': forms.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}),
            'file': forms.ClearableFileInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control'}),
        }

    def clean_file(self):
        file = self.cleaned_data['file']
        ext = file.name.split('.')[-1].lower()
        if ext not in ["jpg", "pdf", "xlsx"]:
            raise forms.ValidationError("Only jpg, pdf and xlsx files are allowed.")
        # return cleaned data is very important.
        return file

#file_upload/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from .models import File
from .forms import FileUploadForm, FileUploadModelForm
import os
import uuid
from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.template.defaultfilters import filesizeformat

# Create your views here.
# Upload File with ModelForm

def model_form_upload(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        form = FileUploadModelForm(request.POST, request.FILES)
        if form.is_valid():
            form.save() # 一句話足以
            return redirect("/file/")
    else:
        form = FileUploadModelForm()

    return render(request, 'file_upload/upload_form.html', 
                  {'form': form,'heading': 'Upload files with ModelForm'}
                 )